ꯑꯦꯃꯤꯅꯣ ꯑꯦꯁꯤꯗꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯉꯥ ꯌꯣꯀꯄꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯅ꯭ꯌꯨꯠꯔꯤꯁꯅꯦꯜ ꯏꯂꯤꯃꯦꯟꯇꯁꯤꯡꯅꯤ, ꯃꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯉꯥ ꯄꯨꯊꯣꯀꯄꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯡ, ꯉꯥꯒꯤ ꯑꯔꯨꯝꯕꯥ, ꯉꯥꯒꯤ ꯃꯒꯨꯟ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯉꯥ ꯌꯣꯀꯄꯒꯤ ꯏꯐꯤꯁꯤꯑꯦꯟꯁꯤ.ꯗꯥ ꯍꯀꯊꯦꯡꯅꯅꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫
ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ ꯄꯤꯔꯤꯕꯁꯤꯡꯁꯤꯗꯤ ꯌꯦꯅꯒꯣꯟ ꯊꯥꯅꯕꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯑꯦꯃꯤꯅꯣ ꯑꯦꯁꯤꯗ ꯅ꯭ꯌꯨꯠꯔꯤꯁꯅꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯄꯣꯏꯟꯇꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯔꯦꯒꯨꯂꯦꯁꯟ ꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯥꯇꯦꯖꯤꯁꯤꯡꯅꯤ:
ꯂꯦꯌꯔꯗꯥ ꯑꯦꯃꯤꯅꯣ ꯑꯦꯁꯤꯗꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯊꯧꯗꯥꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ .ꯏ.ꯑꯥꯔ.ꯄꯨꯊꯣꯛꯄ
ꯉꯥ ꯌꯣꯀꯄꯒꯤ ꯄꯔꯐꯣꯃꯦꯟꯁꯇꯥ ꯏꯅꯐ꯭ꯂꯨꯑꯦꯟꯖꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ
ꯂꯥꯏꯁꯤꯟ (lys): ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯇꯤꯟ ꯁꯤꯟꯊꯦꯁꯤꯁ.ꯒꯤ ꯏꯐꯤꯁꯤꯑꯦꯟꯁꯤ ꯂꯦꯄꯊꯣꯀꯏ ꯃꯗꯨꯗꯤ ꯃꯁꯤ ꯃꯇꯤꯛ ꯆꯥꯗꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯉꯥ ꯄꯨꯊꯣꯀꯄꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯉꯥꯒꯤ ꯑꯔꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯍꯟꯊꯔꯛꯀꯅꯤ.
ꯃꯦꯊꯤꯑꯣꯅꯤꯟ (MET): ꯑꯍꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯂꯤꯃꯤꯇꯤꯡ ꯑꯦꯃꯤꯅꯣ ꯑꯦꯁꯤꯗ, ꯐꯤꯗꯥ ꯒ꯭ꯔꯣꯊ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯦꯒꯁꯦꯜ ꯀ꯭ꯕꯥꯂꯤꯇꯤꯗꯥ ꯁꯣꯀꯍꯜꯂꯤ. ꯃꯁꯤ ꯑꯋꯥꯠꯄꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯄꯦꯀꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯣꯐ꯭ꯠ-ꯁꯦꯜ ꯉꯥ. ꯂꯩꯕꯥ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯂꯥꯏ꯫
ꯊ꯭ꯔꯦꯑꯣꯅꯤꯟ (THR): ꯏꯟꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯥꯏꯅꯒꯤ ꯍꯀꯁꯦꯜ ꯉꯥꯛꯇꯨꯅꯥ ꯊꯝꯂꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯐꯤꯗ ꯌꯨꯇꯤꯂꯥꯏꯖꯦꯁꯟ ꯐꯒꯠꯍꯜꯂꯤ.
ꯉꯥꯒꯤ ꯃꯒꯨꯟ ꯂꯦꯄꯊꯣꯀꯏ .
ꯃꯦꯊꯤꯑꯣꯅꯤꯟ & ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯟ: ꯂꯦꯁꯤꯊꯤꯟ ꯁꯤꯟꯊꯦꯁꯤꯁ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯃꯣꯠ ꯇꯧꯏ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯌꯣꯜꯀ ꯃꯆꯨ (ꯚꯤꯇꯥꯃꯤꯟ ꯑꯦꯒꯥ ꯂꯣꯌꯅꯅꯥ ꯀꯣꯑꯣꯄꯔꯦꯠ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ). ꯐꯒꯠꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫
ꯇ꯭ꯔꯥꯏꯞꯇꯣꯐꯦꯟ (TRP): ꯐꯤꯗ ꯏꯅꯇꯦꯛ ꯔꯤꯒꯨꯂꯦꯠ ꯇꯧꯏ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯦꯁ (ꯍꯤꯠ ꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯦꯁꯀꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯗꯤꯃꯥꯟꯗ 20% ꯍꯦꯅꯒꯠꯂꯀꯄꯥ). ꯍꯟꯊꯍꯜꯂꯤ꯫
ꯁꯦꯅꯃꯤꯠꯂꯣꯅꯒꯤ ꯀꯥꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯐꯪꯍꯅꯕꯥ .
ꯑꯦꯃꯤꯅꯣ ꯑꯦꯁꯤꯗ ꯕꯦꯂꯦꯟꯁꯅꯥ ꯀ꯭ꯔꯨꯗ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯇꯤꯅꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ 1%-2% ꯍꯟꯊꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯉꯝꯃꯤ, ꯁꯣꯌꯕꯤꯟ ꯃꯤꯜ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯍꯟꯊꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯉꯝꯃꯤ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯐꯤꯗ ꯀꯣꯁ꯭ꯠ. ꯍꯟꯊꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯉꯝꯃꯤ꯫
ꯀ꯭ꯔꯨꯗ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯇꯤꯟ (ꯁꯤꯟꯊꯦꯇꯤꯛ ꯑꯦꯃꯤꯅꯣ ꯑꯦꯁꯤꯗꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯁꯞꯂꯤꯃꯦꯟꯇꯦꯁꯟ)ꯗꯥ 1% ꯍꯟꯊꯍꯅꯕꯥ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯒꯤ, ꯐꯦꯀꯦꯜ ꯅꯥꯏꯠꯔꯣꯖꯦꯟ ꯏꯃꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ 8%-10% ꯍꯟꯊꯍꯜꯂꯤ, ꯃꯁꯤꯗꯥ ꯑꯀꯣꯌꯔꯣꯅꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯀꯥꯟꯅꯕꯁꯤꯡ.
ꯉꯥ ꯌꯣꯀꯄꯒꯤ ꯇꯉꯥꯏꯐꯗꯕꯥ ꯑꯦꯃꯤꯅꯣ ꯑꯦꯁꯤꯗꯀꯤ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕꯁꯤꯡ (ꯈꯨꯗꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯅꯥ ꯍꯥꯏ-ꯂꯥꯏꯟ ꯕ꯭ꯔꯥꯎꯟ ꯂꯧꯕꯥ)꯫
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ꯑꯦꯃꯤꯅꯣ ꯑꯦꯁꯤꯗ ꯴. |
ꯂꯦꯃꯍꯧꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯃꯇꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯕꯁꯤꯡ (%) |
ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯊꯕꯀꯁꯤꯡ . |
ꯑꯋꯥꯠꯄꯥ ꯂꯩꯕꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯣꯡꯁꯤꯡ |
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ꯃꯦꯊꯤꯑꯣꯅꯤꯟ(ꯑꯦꯝ.ꯏ.ꯇꯤ.) |
0.35%-0.40% |
ꯉꯥ ꯁꯦꯝꯕꯥ, ꯑꯦꯟꯇꯤ-ꯑꯣꯛꯁꯤꯗꯦꯁꯟ ꯁꯦꯝꯕꯥ꯫ |
ꯇꯔꯨ ꯇꯅꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯉꯥ, ꯐꯤꯔꯣꯜ ꯄꯦꯛ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ |
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ꯂꯥꯏꯁꯤꯟ(lys) ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯑꯣꯔꯤ꯫ |
0.75%-0.85% |
ꯉꯥꯒꯤ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯇꯤꯟ ꯁꯤꯟꯊꯦꯁꯤꯁ . |
ꯉꯥ ꯄꯨꯊꯣꯀꯄꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯍꯟꯊꯕꯥ, ꯉꯥꯒꯤ ꯑꯔꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯍꯟꯊꯕꯥ |
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ꯊ꯭ꯔꯦꯑꯣꯅꯤꯟ(ꯇꯤ.ꯑꯩꯆ.ꯑꯥꯔ.) |
0.55%-0.65% |
ꯃ꯭ꯌꯨꯀꯣꯁꯥꯜ ꯏꯝꯝꯌꯨꯅꯤꯇꯤ, ꯗꯥꯏꯖꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯕ ꯑꯦꯅꯖꯥꯏꯝ ꯑꯦꯛꯇꯤꯚꯤꯇꯤ |
ꯗꯥꯏꯔꯤꯌꯥ, ꯐꯤꯗ ꯀꯟꯕꯔꯁꯟ ꯔꯦꯠ ꯁꯣꯟꯊꯕꯥ |
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ꯇ꯭ꯔꯥꯏꯞꯇꯣꯐꯦꯟ(ꯇꯤ.ꯑꯥꯔ.ꯄꯤ.) |
0.16%-0.18% |
ꯐꯤꯗ ꯏꯅꯇꯦꯛ ꯔꯤꯒꯨꯂꯦꯠ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ, ꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯦꯁ ꯔꯦꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ |
ꯐꯤꯗ ꯏꯅꯇꯦꯛ, ꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯦꯁ ꯁꯦꯟꯁꯤꯇꯤꯚꯤꯇꯤ ꯅꯦꯝꯕꯥ |
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ꯚꯦꯂꯤꯟ(val) ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯑꯣꯔꯤ꯫ |
0.70%-0.80% |
ꯃꯁꯜ ꯃꯦꯇꯥꯕꯣꯂꯤꯖꯝ, ꯏꯅꯔꯖꯤ ꯕꯦꯂꯦꯟꯁ |
ꯂꯦꯡ-ꯑꯣꯠꯄꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯃꯗꯥ ꯉꯥꯒꯤ ꯑꯔꯨꯝꯕꯥ ꯍꯟꯊꯕꯥ |
NOTE: ꯇꯁꯦꯡꯕꯥ ꯗꯤꯃꯥꯟꯗ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯕ꯭ꯔꯤꯗ (ꯔꯣꯃꯥꯟ ꯄꯤꯉ꯭ꯛ vs. isa ꯕ꯭ꯔꯥꯎꯅꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ) ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯂꯦꯌꯔꯒꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯖ (ꯑꯍꯥꯅꯕꯥ vs. ꯄꯤꯛ vs. ꯂꯦꯠ).ꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯏꯟꯅꯥ ꯑꯦꯗꯖꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯏ꯫
ꯁꯤꯖꯦ ꯑꯦꯒ ꯂꯦꯌꯥꯔ ꯆꯤꯀꯦꯟ ꯐꯤꯗ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯟ ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯇꯥꯉ꯭ꯀꯀꯁꯤꯡꯗꯥ ꯉꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯔꯤꯕꯥ ꯅ꯭ꯌꯨꯠꯔꯤꯑꯦꯟꯇꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯌꯥꯎꯏ, ꯃꯗꯨꯗꯤ ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯟ-ꯇꯣꯉꯥꯅꯕꯥ ꯚꯤꯇꯥꯃꯤꯟ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯤꯅꯔꯦꯂꯁꯤꯡ. ꯑꯁꯤꯅꯥ ꯅ꯭ꯌꯨꯠꯔꯤꯁꯅꯒꯤ ꯁꯞꯂꯥꯏ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯉꯥ ꯌꯣꯀꯄꯒꯤ ꯍꯀꯁꯦꯜ ꯐꯕꯥ ꯒ꯭ꯔꯣꯊ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯁꯣꯌꯗꯅꯥ ꯐꯪꯍꯜꯂꯤ, ꯃꯗꯨꯅꯥ ꯂꯧꯃꯤꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯀꯥꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯍꯦꯅꯒꯠꯍꯜꯂꯤ.
ꯄ꯭ꯔꯦꯛꯇꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯑꯦꯞꯂꯤꯀꯦꯁꯅꯗꯥ ꯃꯔꯨꯑꯣꯏꯕꯥ ꯋꯥꯐꯃꯁꯤꯡ
ꯔꯣ ꯃꯦꯇꯔꯤꯌꯦꯜ ꯈꯅꯕꯒꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯦꯃꯤꯅꯣ ꯑꯦꯁꯤꯗ ꯗꯥꯏꯖꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯕꯤꯂꯤꯇꯤ .
ꯁꯣꯌꯕꯤꯟ ꯃꯤꯜ: ꯂꯥꯏꯁ ꯗꯥꯏꯖꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯕꯤꯂꯤꯇꯤ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯹꯰%ꯅꯤ, ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯃꯦꯠ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯐꯥꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯇꯦ (ꯑꯍꯦꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯍꯦꯅꯕꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯏ).
ꯔꯦꯄꯁꯤꯗ ꯃꯤꯜ: ꯃꯦꯠ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯁꯞꯂꯤꯃꯦꯟꯇ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯃꯊꯧ ꯇꯥꯏ (ꯗꯥꯏꯖꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯕꯤꯂꯤꯇꯤ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯁꯨꯞꯅꯇꯒꯤ 75%).
ꯀꯣꯔꯟ-ꯁꯣꯌꯕꯤꯟ ꯃꯤꯜ ꯃꯈꯂꯒꯤ ꯗꯥꯏꯠ: ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯅꯥ ꯃꯦꯠ, ꯂꯥꯏꯁ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯊ꯭ꯔ. ꯂꯩꯇꯦ꯫
ꯍꯤꯠ ꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯦꯁꯀꯤ ꯃꯈꯥꯗꯥ ꯑꯦꯗꯖꯁ꯭ꯇꯃꯦꯟꯇ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ
ꯇꯤ ꯑꯥꯔ ꯄꯤ ꯍꯦꯅꯒꯠꯍꯅꯕꯥ (ꯐꯤꯗ ꯏꯅꯇꯦꯛ ꯍꯦꯅꯒꯠꯍꯅꯕꯥ) + ꯃꯦꯠ (ꯑꯦꯟꯇꯤꯑꯣꯛꯁꯤꯗꯦꯟꯇ)
ꯏꯂꯦꯛꯠꯔꯣꯂꯥꯏꯠ ꯕꯦꯂꯦꯟꯁ: Na⁺ + K⁺ - Cl⁻=250MEQ/kg (ꯔꯦꯁ꯭ꯄꯤꯔꯦꯇꯔꯤ ꯍꯤꯠ ꯗꯤꯁꯤꯞꯂꯤꯟ ꯕꯣꯔꯗꯔ ꯍꯟꯊꯍꯅꯕꯥ).
ꯑꯀꯣꯌꯕꯒꯤ ꯐꯤꯕꯝ ꯉꯥꯛ-ꯁꯦꯅꯕꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯏꯃꯤꯁꯟ ꯍꯟꯊꯍꯅꯕꯥ
ꯀ꯭ꯔꯨꯗ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯇꯤꯅꯗꯥ 1% ꯍꯟꯊꯕꯥ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯒꯤ, ꯐꯦꯀꯦꯜ ꯅꯥꯏꯠꯔꯣꯖꯦꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ 10% ꯍꯟꯊꯩ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯦꯃꯣꯅꯤꯌꯥ ꯏꯃꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ 15%. ꯍꯟꯊꯔꯀꯏ꯫
ꯔꯤꯀꯃꯦꯟꯗ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯥ ꯁꯣꯂꯨꯁꯟ: ꯱꯴% ꯀ꯭ꯔꯨꯗ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯇꯤꯟ + ꯁꯤꯟꯊꯦꯇꯤꯛ ꯑꯦꯃꯤꯅꯣ ꯑꯦꯁꯤꯗꯁꯤꯡ (ꯔꯣꯃꯥꯟ ꯆꯤꯀꯟ ꯇꯦꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯗꯦꯇꯥꯒꯨꯝꯕꯥ).
ꯁꯝꯂꯞꯄ ꯋꯥꯔꯣꯜ
1. ꯃꯦꯊꯤꯑꯣꯅꯤꯟ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯂꯥꯏꯁꯤꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯍꯦꯟ ꯐꯤꯗ ꯊꯥꯕꯗꯥ ꯑꯦꯃꯤꯅꯣ ꯑꯦꯁꯤꯗꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯤꯃꯤꯇꯤꯡ ꯇꯧꯕꯥ ꯀꯣꯔꯂꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯥꯏꯑꯣꯔꯤꯇꯤ. ꯄꯤꯒꯗꯕꯅꯤ꯫
2. ꯂꯣ-ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯇꯤꯟ ꯗꯥꯏꯠ + ꯁꯤꯟꯊꯦꯇꯤꯛ ꯑꯦꯃꯤꯅꯣ ꯑꯦꯁꯤꯗꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯇꯨꯡꯒꯤ ꯇ꯭ꯔꯦꯟꯗꯅꯤ, ꯃꯃꯜ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯀꯣꯌꯕꯒꯤ ꯐꯤꯕꯝ ꯉꯥꯀꯊꯣꯀꯄꯥ ꯑꯅꯤꯃꯛ ꯌꯦꯡꯂꯒꯥ.
3. ꯐꯦꯖ ꯇꯧꯔꯕꯥ ꯔꯦꯒꯨꯂꯦꯁꯟ (ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯗꯛꯁꯟ/ꯄꯤꯛ/ꯂꯦꯠ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯖꯒꯤ ꯍꯧꯔꯀꯐꯝ)ꯅꯥ ꯄꯨꯊꯣꯀꯄꯒꯤ ꯀꯥꯟꯅꯕꯥ ꯈ꯭ꯕꯥꯏꯗꯒꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅꯥ ꯄꯤꯕꯥ ꯉꯃꯒꯅꯤ.
4. "ꯑꯄꯨꯅꯕꯥ ꯁꯦꯅꯐꯝ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯦꯟꯗꯔꯗ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯊꯦꯡꯅꯩ ꯑꯗꯨꯕꯨ ꯌꯨꯇꯤꯂꯥꯏꯖꯦꯁꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯐꯥꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯇꯦ".ꯗꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯞꯅꯥ ꯂꯩꯅꯕꯥ ꯔꯣ ꯃꯦꯇꯔꯤꯌꯦꯂꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯗꯥꯏꯖꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯕꯤꯂꯤꯇꯤꯗꯥ ꯄꯨꯛꯅꯤꯡ ꯆꯪꯕꯤꯌꯨ꯫
